General information
Indications
Water disinfection at the household level.
For large-scale water treatment and equipment disinfection refer to the NaDCC (1.67g and 8.68g) and HTH.
Storage
Store in a dry, well-ventilated area. Ensure containers are well sealed after each use.
Presentation
Effervescent tablets contain a set amount of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (also called NaDCC, sodium troclosene or sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione): tablets release the required amount of chlorine when dissolved in water.
Solution strength is generally not expressed as an NaDCC concentration, but in terms of the content "of available chlorine"; this is expressed either as a percentage in parts per million (ppm), in g or mg per litre: 1ppm = 1mg/litre = 0.0001%.
Usage
Drinking water disinfection:
1 tablet of 5mg in 1 litre of clear water: 5mg/l or 5ppm of available chlorine.
1 tablet of 20mg in 5 litre of clear water: 4mg/l or 4ppm of available chlorine.
1 tablet of 40mg in 10 litre of clear water: 4mg/l or 4ppm of available chlorine.
1 tablet of 100mg in 20 litre of clear water: 5mg/l or 5ppm of available chlorine.
Allow to set for a minimum of 30 minutes before drinking.
Precautions
Do not swallow the tablets.
Avoid inhaling the vapours and dust during handling.
Do not expose the product to flames. Do not incinerate.
As a precaution, do not mix with detergents. Toxic chlorine gas can be released when mixed with some types of detergents. Only anionic detergents (i.e., soft soap) can safely be mixed with NaDCC solutions.
Do not mix with acid solutions (e.g., urine). This causes the release of toxic chlorine gas.
Prepare solutions with clean water in non-metallic containers, just prior to use.
Toxicology information
Signs, symptoms and effects of exposure:
EYE: Exposure may cause severe irritation and/or chemical burns with corneal damage. Vision impairment is possible.
SKIN: Direct exposure can cause severe irritation and/or chemical burns. Chronic exposure effects are similar to that of direct exposure but with tissue destruction. Prolonged exposure to the skin can destroy the dermis and impair skin regeneration at the site of contact.
INGESTION: Ingestion can cause irritation and/or chemical burns to the gastrointestinal tract; it is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bleeding and ulceration. Chronic toxicity, via this route, is unlikely due to its corrosive nature.
INHALATION: Acute exposure may cause severe irritation to the respiratory tract, resulting in lung oedema which can cause shortness of breath, wheezing, choking, chest pain and impaired lung function. Inhalation of high concentrations can result in permanent lung damage. Chronic exposure may cause impairment of lung function and permanent lung damage.
First Aid Measures
EYES: Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Call a physician immediately.
SKIN: Immediately flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Call a physician. If clothing comes in contact with the product, the clothing should be removed immediately, and laundered before re-use.
INGESTION: Drink large quantities of water, immediately. DO NOT induce vomiting. Call a physician immediately. DO NOT give anything by mouth if the person is unconscious or is having convulsions.
INHALATION: Move the victim to fresh air. Support respiration if needed. Call a physician.
Specifications
Must be suitable for use with water and for human consumption.
The anhydrous sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) compound must be certified by NSF International (or a delegated authority) in compliance with NSF/ANSI standard 60. The product must also comply with the EN 12931:2000 standard.
The effervescent base, used in addition to the NaDCC, must be of pharmaceutical or food-grade quality. Manufacturers must have appropriate GMP certificates.
Packaging
Tablets must to be packaged in foil strips.
Batch number, manufacturing date and expiry date must be recorded on each strip.
Strip must have user instructions and be clearly marked: DO NOT SWALLOW TABLET
WASDCHLA01 Watab household use